Chapter objectives:

-       understanding the principles of the local roads performance assessment,

-      knowledge of individual types of traffic surveys and data collection methodology.

 

Time required to study the chapter: 6 hours

Interpretation:

 

Assessing the performance of local roadways

Local roads (roadways) are designed to peak hour intensity determined by conversion based on daily intensity distributions. Full-day intensities for the design period are determined on the basis of a transport model, existing data forecasting - by extrapolating the linear or non-linear function, by the method of single or average growth coefficient, or by using the nationally determined growth coefficients, or transport development.

In terms of performance assessment, local roads for motor transport are divided into four (functional) groups (classes):

·      roads in the transition sections, sections between the external road network and crossroads through built up municipalities areas (functional groups A and B),

·      roads of functional groups A,

·      roads of functional groups B,

·      roads of functional groups C.

 

Performance assessment principles

The determination of (design intensity - performance) local roads capacity for vehicles according to the standard is calculated on the basis of established principles and compiled into table reports for functional groups of A, B and C.

The principle of calculation consists in adjusting the basic hourly or full-day intensity (capacity) by the correction coefficients that affect the performance of the local road section.

 

Allowable intensities of local roads of functional groups C

Table. 1 Basic values of allowable intensities of local roads of functional group C

Traffic surveys

Current traffic volumes, traffic intensities and transportation flows, traffic conditions on current transport facilities as well as understanding all the relationships and contexts which cause the traffic and its growth are detected and acquired by the traffic surveys and analyzes. Their intimate knowledge represents the starting basis for the transport planning.

 

Traffic surveys utilization:

 

1.) Ensuring the data for designing and planning

a.) Modernization of road and urban networks

b.) Improving transport on existing roads

c.) Design of parking areas

d.) Transport services of the territory

2.) Evaluation of the existing traffic relationship

 

Surveys divisions

1.) Depending on the territory size and the number of habitats

a.) General survey

b.) Nationwide traffic counting (it obtains data on traffic intensity and traffic flow structure)

 

2.) Detecting the traffic characteristics

a.) directional survey

b.) intensity survey,

c.) speed survey

 

3.) Depending on a monitored mode of transport

a.) Road transport survey

b.) Pedestrian traffic survey

c.) Cycling traffic survey

d.) Urban public passenger transport survey

e.) Survey on crossroads and motorways

f.) Verification surveys

g.) Purpose survey

h.) Special surveys (intersection)

 

Forms of surveys execution

a) observation

b) oral asking

c) inquiry

d) traffic-sociological surveys

 

Study materials:

Basic literature:

Voženílek, V., Strakoš, V. City Logistic: Dopravní problémy města a logistika. Olomouc: Publisher – Palacky University, 2009, pp. 118-127. ISBN 978-80-244-2317-3

Electronic study support FAST VSB for the course “Modeling of transport on the road”, Available at (online): http://projekt150.ha-vel.cz/node/95

Recommended study literature:

TANIGUCHI, E. a R.G. THOMPSON. City Logistics: Mapping The Future: CRC Press, 2014. 231 p. ISBN 978-1-4822-0889-4.

 

Questions and tasks

1.      In terms of performance assessment, local roads for motor transport are divided into:

a)      four (functional) groups,

b)      three (functional) groups,

c)      five (functional) groups

2.      Hourly allowable intensity of local roads of functional groups C in both driving directions is:

a)      400 veh./h

b)      500 veh./h,

c)      300 veh./h.

3.      Surveys for detecting the traffic characteristics do not include:

a)      directional survey

b)      intensity survey,

c)      urban public passenger transport survey

4.      Forms of surveys execution do not include:

a)      oral asking

b)      simulation

c)      inquiry

5.      Describe surveys depending on a monitored mode of transport

 

Key to solve the questions:

 

1)      a.

 2)      c.

 3)      c.

 4)      b.

 5)      Road transport survey; Pedestrian traffic survey; Cycling traffic survey; Urban public passenger transport survey; Survey on crossroads and motorways; Verification surveys, etc.