The paper discusses a self-organization phenomenon, physical and chemical aspects of friction, and the methods of friction control using advanced polymer composites based on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The article also concerns a generic physical and an engineering approach to the development of new wear-resistant polymer composites with modified fibers filler. The influence of the mechanochemical activation of the matrix, fillers and composition on the physical, mechanical and tribotechnical properties of the composite has been investigated by methods of mathematical modeling. The optimum content of fibrous and dispersed fillers in the composition volume and the parameters of the production technology that provide maximum wear resistance of the composite while maintaining a sufficient level of physical and mechanical properties are found. Determine the properties of the composite based on the properties of the matrix and the filler. In this case, determining the distribution of the particles of the filler by size and the particles of different sizes in the volume of the composite. © 2019, MM publishing Ltd. All rights reserved.