The article analyses relations between Czechoslovakia and Uruguay during the Cold War. The main objective is to interpret unpublished Czech and foreign archives. Although the foreign policy of Czechoslovakia was relatively coherent in the analysed period, the foreign political orientation of Uruguay was characterized by discontinuity. Uruguay had the best relationship with Czechoslovakia in the 1960s and in the second half of the 1980s. The importance of the mentioned periods is reflected, among other things, in the amount of official visits of important political leaders.