Methodology of pedagogical research and evaluation: : 9. Quantitative analysis Methodological Concept for Effectively Supporting Key Competencies Using the Foreign Language ATCZ62 - CLIL as a Learning Strategy at the College C:\Users\21536\AppData\Local\Temp\7zOCBEF4013\interreg_Rakousko_Ceska_Republika_RGB.jpg https://www.email.cz/download/k/vPwBms0jPnQoTvgo0jFvvGwDhdh9Jlfl9rKdiuyzDRyHOOMId1HvJLvOPRBH2skc4uZ VKBw/image001.png Fachhochschulen Oberösterreich •Variables ØA variable means an element of exploration that acquires different values, changes (age, knowledge, intelligence) - it can be phenomenon, property, condition, factor. Ø ØTwo groups: 1. measurable (quantitative) a 2nd category / spec. Dichotomic - gender: female-male • ØMore than one variable is in the research. ØFor a variable to be examined, it must be operationally defined. Ø • C:\Users\21536\AppData\Local\Temp\7zOCBEF4013\interreg_Rakousko_Ceska_Republika_RGB.jpg https://www.email.cz/download/k/vPwBms0jPnQoTvgo0jFvvGwDhdh9Jlfl9rKdiuyzDRyHOOMId1HvJLvOPRBH2skc4uZ VKBw/image001.png Fachhochschulen Oberösterreich ØThe variable that causes change independently variable, ØA variable whose values have changed by the dependent variable dependent variable. ØThe dependent variable varies depending on the independent variable. ØFor a variable to be examined, it must be operationally defined (When the variable is a foreign language ability, the researcher can, for example, define it as a pupil's score in Malíková's Foreign Language Test). ü ü C:\Users\21536\AppData\Local\Temp\7zOCBEF4013\interreg_Rakousko_Ceska_Republika_RGB.jpg https://www.email.cz/download/k/vPwBms0jPnQoTvgo0jFvvGwDhdh9Jlfl9rKdiuyzDRyHOOMId1HvJLvOPRBH2skc4uZ VKBw/image001.png Fachhochschulen Oberösterreich Quantitative-oriented research • •Observation. •Scaling. •Questionnaire. •Content analysis of text. •Experiment. C:\Users\21536\AppData\Local\Temp\7zOCBEF4013\interreg_Rakousko_Ceska_Republika_RGB.jpg https://www.email.cz/download/k/vPwBms0jPnQoTvgo0jFvvGwDhdh9Jlfl9rKdiuyzDRyHOOMId1HvJLvOPRBH2skc4uZ VKBw/image001.png Fachhochschulen Oberösterreich • • • • C:\Users\21536\AppData\Local\Temp\7zOCBEF4013\interreg_Rakousko_Ceska_Republika_RGB.jpg https://www.email.cz/download/k/vPwBms0jPnQoTvgo0jFvvGwDhdh9Jlfl9rKdiuyzDRyHOOMId1HvJLvOPRBH2skc4uZ VKBw/image001.png Fachhochschulen Oberösterreich • OBSERVATION ØMeans tracking people's activities. ØStructured observation - the observer knows what and how he will observe. ØObserved phenomena - category of cognitive character (explanation of curriculum,) - categories of affective character (attitudes, interests, feelings), - category of psychomotor character. • •Scraping ØDifferent sorting: a)The assessment scale is a tool that allows us to determine the characteristics of the phenomenon or its intensity, we assess: - other people, phenomena, ourselves. b)Bipolar scales = create opposing properties. c)Likert's scales = used to measure people's attitudes and opinions.Guilford (The basic criterion is how they are administered): qnumerical assessment scales, qgraphic, qstandard, qcumulative, qdiscretionary scales with forced choice. ØAccording to F. N. Kerlinger - attitudinal scales: - 1. sumative judging = Likert type scale (the circuit maps a certain basic position of the 3-step-5 degrees: I agree, I can not express my opinion, disagree) - 2. scale of apparently equal intervals = Thurstone ranges of apparently the same intervals - 3. cumulative scale = Guttman scale • C:\Users\21536\AppData\Local\Temp\7zOCBEF4013\interreg_Rakousko_Ceska_Republika_RGB.jpg https://www.email.cz/download/k/vPwBms0jPnQoTvgo0jFvvGwDhdh9Jlfl9rKdiuyzDRyHOOMId1HvJLvOPRBH2skc4uZ VKBw/image001.png Fachhochschulen Oberösterreich • •QUESTIONNAIRE ØData collection - bulk retrieval. ØBasic Terminology - respondent = person who completes the questionnaire - questions = questionnaire elements - items - administration = questionnaire ØTypes of questions: closed, open, semi-closed, ØQuestionnaire reliability - is higher when it contains multiple questions that ask for the same information. ØTypes of questionnaire survey: standardized, quasi-standardized, non-standardized. ØParametric questions (variants of responses form a continuum from one pole to another). ØNon-parametric questions (sorting certain categories of statements of the same level) (can not be statistically processed). •- a special place: control questions (2 types: 1. doubling the question of another; 2. queries by which we determine the credibility of the client-Eysenck personality questionnaire) C:\Users\21536\AppData\Local\Temp\7zOCBEF4013\interreg_Rakousko_Ceska_Republika_RGB.jpg https://www.email.cz/download/k/vPwBms0jPnQoTvgo0jFvvGwDhdh9Jlfl9rKdiuyzDRyHOOMId1HvJLvOPRBH2skc4uZ VKBw/image001.png Fachhochschulen Oberösterreich • • • C:\Users\21536\AppData\Local\Temp\7zOCBEF4013\interreg_Rakousko_Ceska_Republika_RGB.jpg https://www.email.cz/download/k/vPwBms0jPnQoTvgo0jFvvGwDhdh9Jlfl9rKdiuyzDRyHOOMId1HvJLvOPRBH2skc4uZ VKBw/image001.png Fachhochschulen Oberösterreich • • • EXPERIMENT ØStrength lies in the ability to manipulate variables. Øterminology:O Subject - Persons participating in the experiment. O Character - defined property. O Random selection. O Experimental plan - layout. O Experimental group - group of subjects. O Pretest - entrance test. O Posttest - final test. • • C:\Users\21536\AppData\Local\Temp\7zOCBEF4013\interreg_Rakousko_Ceska_Republika_RGB.jpg https://www.email.cz/download/k/vPwBms0jPnQoTvgo0jFvvGwDhdh9Jlfl9rKdiuyzDRyHOOMId1HvJLvOPRBH2skc4uZ VKBw/image001.png Fachhochschulen Oberösterreich • • EXPERIMENTAL METHOD ØLaboratory experiment. ØSimulation experiment. ØNatural = field experiment. ØForming experiment. Q-CLASSIFICATION METHOD ØThe basis is W. Stephson's methodology - to find out the correlation between responses or responses of different people to these Q-types. ØGaussian curve - The number of cards is limited to the requirements of statistical convenience.