Methodology of pedagogical research and evaluation:
 8. Qualitative methods
Methodological Concept for Effectively Supporting Key Competencies Using the Foreign Language
ATCZ62 - CLIL as a Learning Strategy at the College
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•Qualitatively oriented research
1)Unstructured observation
2)Ethnographic interview
3)Life story research - is the writing, analysis, and evaluation of a person's life.
4)- main research tool is the researcher himself,
- the goal: to understand people and events in their lives,
- culture is a set of values, attitudes, rules of group behavior
- main feature is long-term, intensive, detailed.
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§Reliability of qualitative research is the counterpart of strictly structured research = rather
specific situations (not typical) are being studied.
§Validity ensures long-term research through direct contact.
      ALWAYS = INTENTIONAL RESEARCH
•Its subset is a cumulative selection = the researcher starts with 1 person or small group and
gradually extends the circle of people he / she will work with.
•The range of selection (sites, persons) is not determined statistically as in quantity but it is
controlled by saturation = the researcher selects the selection when he finds that the information
is the same and is repeated.

Unstructured observation
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•Is a flexible system, has several variants:
ØSamples of events,
ØField notes,
ØParticipatory observation.
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Ethnographic interview
The goal is how people interpret the world around them, what meanings they attribute to important
events.
ØIt is usually unstructured (questions depending on how the interview unfolds),
Ø"Report" = a pleasant atmosphere between the interviewer and the corresponding,
ØThe proportionality between the speaker's speech + informante,
ØThe data is verified by a way of reverting the findings (the researcher will return to the
informant after a while and verify what he / she wants).
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Life story research
         Life Stories of Teachers

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Final definition
„Qualitative research is a process of searching for understanding based on different methodological
traditions of exploring a given social and human problem.
The researcher creates a complex, holistic image, analyzes various types of texts, informs about
the views of research participants, and carries out exploration under natural conditions.
"(Creswel, 1998, p. 12, In: Hendl,

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Method of selection in qualitative research
Selection decisions are carried out at three levels (Hendl, 2005):při sběru dat (vybíráme případ,
skupinu případů),
ØWhen interpreting (material selection),
ØWhen displaying the result (material presentation). Qualitative research allows the theory to be
formulated on the basis of what people are doing and saying. The researcher looks for and analyzes
everything that helps explain the research questions.